آNubia a is the area in southern Egypt along the Nile River to northern Sudan . Most of the Nuba is located in Sudan, and about 25% of it is in Egypt. In ancient times Nubia was an independent kingdom. Wadi Al-Khawy, south of the Third Cataract, was an ancient basin of the Nile, about 123 km long, to the east of the current course of the Nile. Since the fourth millennium BC. It was a rich agricultural basin that led to the emergence of the Neolithic groups. He discovered in it cemeteries that were an embodiment on earth of the social organization of their societies during the third millennium BC
The Nuba villages are located on the banks of the Nile River in the south of Egypt, starting from the south of the city of Aswan to the upper Nile. It may extend to its sources.
In modern times, the name of the Nuba or Nubia was limited to the area located on the two banks of the Nile, starting from the south of Aswan between the two villages of Adandan on the West Bank, thus dividing the Nuba villages into two parts. Since then, every part of it belongs to the country it follows. He grew up verbally the villages of the Egyptian Nuba and the villages of the Sudanese Nuba.
It is called the country of gold, as the name Nubia is derived from the word (Nub), which means in the ancient Egyptian language gold, and it was also famous for its gold mines, which were called Nuberia. A country named after them and located in the southern part of the country of Egypt
In another sense, the name is attributed to Nabata, the son of the Prophet Ismail , peace be upon him, and where they ruled over the countries of the Nile Valley and Africa , they mixed with the local tribes, and with the passage of time many African tribes that were under the rule of Nabat took the same title. It is now noted that there are dozens of tribes of different races under the same title with different Al-Alsun remained the same title, which is Al-Nubat (The Nuba).
The people of Nubia speak the “Nubian language” and it is divided into two main parts, Fadiji and Kenzi. Besides the Nubian language, the current population speaks Arabic fluently with other languages such as English, French and Italian due to their mixing with tourists and foreign visitors.
And about the Nubian monuments that we can see during our trip between the Aswan reservoir and the Egyptian-Sudanese border, there are many archaeological monuments, which are distributed in six regions, and these monuments vary in architecture and time, and vary architecturally between a temple, a shrine, a cemetery, or even an entire island It has many monuments, and it varies chronologically because it covers a long historical period that extends from the eighteenth dynasty until the Christian era.
It is noted that the oldest of these monuments is a temple on purpose, which was built in the sixteenth century BC. It is also noted that King Ramses II alone has six temples in Nubia, and that the Nubian King Arkmani built a temple in partnership with his friend King Ptolemy IV.
These monuments begin with the temples of the island of Philae, and it was originally on the island of Philae, and after its rescue, it was transferred to another neighboring island, which is Agilika, and there is in the northwest side of it another island, which is the island of Beja, which the Egyptians believed that the Nile stems from under it, followed by a number of landmarks The archaeological site was transferred to an island not far from the High Dam, called the New Kalabsha Island. It includes the Kalabsha Temple, the Temple of Beit al-Wali, the remains of the Jurf Hussein Temple, the Qirtasi cabin, the cabin of the Nubian god Dodon, and some rock inscriptions and paintings that were found in Nubia. Putting these inscriptions in an open museum display on the island.
There are three temples in the new Al-Sebua area, Wadi Al-Sebaa Temple, the Muharraq Temple and the Dekka Temple, and there are also Ibrim shrines, which will be re-installed. King Ramses VI, followed by Ibrim Palace, which was on the eastern bank of the Nile, and the site of the palace has now turned into an island due to the high waters of Lake Nasser. English mission since the mid-seventies of the last century.
The Nubian antiquities end in the city of Abu Simbel, which is 280 km away from Aswan, and where there is the Temple of Darmesses and the Temple of Nefertari, which are distinguished as temples pecked in the mountains. Another landmark is the stone circle with the plant.
It is known that the Egyptian government donated some Nubian antiquities to some countries that contributed to saving the monuments of Nubia during twenty years, i.e. between 1960 and 1980, and these include the Lycée Chapel, the Temple of Dandour, the Temple of Tafa, and the Temple of Dabod.
The visitor can visit a large group of antiquities that were discovered and displayed in the Nubian Museum in Aswan, which was opened in 1997. To book a tour to Nubian Museum in Aswan click here
